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Dr. Petya Stefanova

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Assistant at the Faculty of Medicine at Sofia University and resident physician in Neurology at Sofiamed University Hospital.

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Към екстрапирамидната система се отнасят пътища, които преминават:

What is a key difference between the pyramidal and extrapyramidal pathways in the central nervous system?

Кои симптоми насочват към засягане на екстрапирамидната система?

What are the primary functions of the extrapyramidal system in the central nervous system?

What does the term “aphasia” refer to?

Is muscle atrophy typically observed as a symptom of lower or upper motor neuron lesions?

Мускулна атрофия се наблюдава при:

If a patient has an absent knee reflex on their right leg, what could this symptom potentially indicate?

Липсващ коленен рефлекс в ляво може да е симптом при:

Pathological reflexes are observed in:

Наличие на патологични рефлекси е характерно за:

What is the clinical interpretation of a suction positive reflex in elderly?

Каква е клиничната интерпретация на положителен палмо-ментален рефлекс?

When patient is asked to look to the right, his left eye moves to the right but his right eye remains straight ahead. Which nerve is affected?

Trigeminal nerve is:

What is a key difference between peripheral and central facial nerve palsy?

What is the primary function of the olfactory nerve (CN I)?

N. Olfactorius е:

What is the vision field defect as shown on the picture?

What is the visual defect shown on the picture?

Neurotransmission

Parkinson’s Disease Differential Diagnosis Questionnaire

Role of the Direct and Indirect Pathways in the Extrapyramidal System: Balancing Motor Control

The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

Lewy Body Dementia with Parkinsonism versus Parkinson’s Disease

Aging as a Risk Factor for Parkinson’s Disease

The Role of Genetics in Parkinson’s Disease

Protective Factors for Parkinson’s Disease: Physical Activity, Smoking, and Caffeine

Alpha-Synuclein vs. Tau Protein: A Comparative Overview

Alpha-Synuclein and α-Synucleinopathies

Genetics and Multiple Sclerosis

Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis

Differential Diagnosis for Parkinson’s Disease

Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES)

Treatment Options for Multiple Sclerosis

Diet Recommendations for Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Wallenberg Syndrome (Lateral Medullary Syndrome)

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Q 2.35. Emergencies in Neurology

Q 2.34. Dementia

Q 2.33. Headache

Q 2.32. Wilson’s Disease

Q 2.31. Chorea

Q 2.30. Progressive Muscular Dystrophy

Q 2.29. Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Q 2.28. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Q 2.27. Parkinson’s Disease

Q 2.26. Status Epilepticus

Q 2.25. Epilepsy

Q 2.24. Traumatic Brain Injury

Q 2.23. Spinal Cord Tumors

Q 2.22. Cerebral Tumors

Q 2.21. Cerebral Vein and Dural Thrombosis

Q 2.20. Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Q 2.19. Parenchymal Brain Haemorrhage

Q 2.18. Part 2 Cerebral Infarction – Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis

Q 2.18. Part 1 Cerebral Infarction – Types and Warning Signs

Q 2.17. Asymptomatic Cerebrovascular Disease. Transient Ischemic Attacks.