Treatment Options for Multiple Sclerosis

 

Drug Efficacy Indications MS Subtype Pregnancy Safety Administration Route Mechanism of Action
Copaxone (glatiramer) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS, SPMS Category B Subcutaneous injection Immunostimulant; mimics myelin basic protein to reduce autoimmune response
Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; activates Nrf2 pathway to reduce inflammation
Ocrevus (ocrelizumab) High Primary progressive MS (PPMS), relapsing forms of MS PPMS, RRMS Category C Intravenous infusion CD20 monoclonal antibody; depletes B cells implicated in MS pathogenesis
Aubagio (teriflunomide) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category X (avoid) Oral Selective immunosuppressant; inhibits pyrimidine synthesis
Gilenya (fingolimod) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; modulates sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors
Mavenclad (cladribine) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category X (avoid) Oral Antimetabolite; depletes lymphocytes and modulates immune response
Zeposia (ozanimod) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; modulates sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors
Bafiertam (monomethyl fumarate) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; activates Nrf2 pathway to reduce inflammation
Mayzent (siponimod) High Secondary progressive MS (SPMS) with active disease, relapsing forms of MS SPMS, RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; modulates sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors
Ponvory (ponesimod) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; modulates sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors
Tysabri (natalizumab) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Intravenous infusion Selective immunosuppressant; inhibits leukocyte migration across blood-brain barrier
Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Intravenous infusion CD52 monoclonal antibody; depletes lymphocytes implicated in MS pathogenesis
Avonex (interferon beta-1a) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Intramuscular injection Interferon beta; modulates immune response and reduces inflammation
Rebif (interferon beta-1a) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Subcutaneous injection Interferon beta; modulates immune response and reduces inflammation
Kesimpta (ofatumumab) High Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Subcutaneous injection CD20 antibody; depletes B cells implicated in MS pathogenesis
Vumerity (diroximel fumarate) Moderate Relapsing forms of MS RRMS Category C Oral Selective immunosuppressant; activates Nrf2 pathway to reduce inflammation
Briumvi (dalfampridine) Moderate Improve walking in MS patients with walking disability RRMS, SPMS Category C

Oral

CNS agent; potassium channel blocker; enhances nerve conduction in demyelinated axons

Verifiziert von Dr. Petya Stefanova

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